Means for binding books.



" K. WQ'HANKE.

MEANS FOR BINDING BOOKS.

Arrmouml t 211.21) 1.13.31; 1913.

1,105,196. Patehted July 28,1914.

2 SHBETSfSHBBT 1.

W W H T". Hall. FITIII "O. rndru-urnu. WAININDTO". D l.

K. W; HANKE. MEANS FOR BINDING BOOKS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, 1913.

Patented July 28, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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. which the following is a specification.

KARL WILHELM HANKE, or rennin GERMANY;

. ivrnhns FOR BINDING- BOOKS.

To all whom it mag concern: .Be it known that I, KARL VVILHELM HANKE, a subject ofthe Emperor of Ger many, residing at Berlin, Germany, have in vented certain new and useful Improve-Y ments in Means for Binding; Books, .of

*My invention relates to improved means for binding books, and more particularly. to means of that class, by which the leaves' of the book are bound in a manneruto be singly removed or'exchanged, said means consisting, broadly, of tubular pins travers- I ing the leaves from one side and corresponding pins engaging said hollow: pins from the opposite sider Means of such kind for removably or exchangeably' binding leaves or sheets into a book, are well known;

. the improvements of my invention are'par'- f ticularly adapted to hold the'leaves or sheets firmly clasped against each other through the medium of a cheek arranged to turn on a shaft within the back of the book, said cheek being controlled by. the pressure of a spring or springs and'means being provided to temporarily counteract the pressure of said spring or springs.

To make my invention perfectly under} stood, I have illustrated the same in'the ac companying drawings, in which: 7 T

Figure 1 is a plan of a closed book containing the binding means according to *this invention; the cover of the book being partly broken away. Fig. 2gis a planview of an open book provided with the'improved mechanism of my invention; the covers of the book being partly broken away. Flg. 3 1s a cross-section drawn on line AB of F ig. 2. Figs. 4: and 5 serve to explain'details of construction, drawn to a larger scale. The two covers a of the book. areflexibly connected to the outer back'b of the book and preferably provided witha suitable lining 0 of linoleum or similar materiahsecured by a frame of ledges cZor the like. Within the outer back I) of the book a inner back of metal is provided, said inner back being composed of two curved'metal sheets 6, and '6 so combined to form with each other a semi-circular trough. :The said curved sheets e, and e, are hinged-to a shaft 7 centrally lodged within the back of the book in its longitudinal direction. The top andv bottom ofsaidsemi-circular trough are formed by sheet metal sides 9 and g ,,integral with or secured to the curved sheets 5 Specificationof Letters Patent. Application filed Mac a1,

1913. Serial No. 37,918.

"and c and connected to each other by a slot IL,-and pin engaging said slot.. By this means: the 'saidcurved sheets 6, and 6 are,

adapted tomove against each other, but limited in their path toward and from each other. The free edges (of the two curved sheets 6 and 6 are rolled up to form tubular bearings for receiving, each, alongitudinal rod 6 one of which two rods carrying the solid pins 2', and the other rod the hollow pins 6 to be engaged by the said solid pins, as shown inFigs. 2 and 3.

, The several leaves or sheets to be bound into-the book are provided, each,hwith a.

number of holes i corresponding to the pins z',and 2' to betraversed through said holes.

PatentedJuly 28, 1914.

and from said holes i slots extend to the edge of the sheets, as fully shown in Fig. 1. The slot extending from the uppermost and from the lowermost hole 2'? of each sheet increases in width from the said hole to the edge of the sheet, as fully shown in Fig. 1. This facilitates the introduction ofthe pins into the sheets. -The said central rod 7 extending through the length'of the back'of the book and to which the twocurved sheets 0, and c are hinged, also carries a cheek is,

capable of turning. on saidrod f. Raised on i the inside surface of thecurved metal sheet "c are a number of bearings M, serving to receive a longitudinalshaft m, to which a number'of traction members such as steel bladesn, are secured. The'mode of securing said blades n, to the shaft m, may prefer ably be accomplished as shown in Fig. 4'. The shaft is provided with dovetail slots in thecrossdirection each adapted for the reception of a correspondingtrapezoidal plate and the end of a blade inserted between said shaft-and blade" and clamped thereto by means'of a suitable set screw traversing the shaft. Spiral springs f f are wound up tothe central rod f, each of said springs having oneiof itsfree projecting ends bearingagainst theinside surface of the curyed metal sheet 6 and its other free pro ect1ng end against the said check is, as fully shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Owingto said springs f the said cheeklc will permanentlybe pressed to the left as'much as possible so as to allow leaves to be fully exchanged; a

A square portion f is formed to one end of the shaft. m, and said square portion is adapted to receive a key F, for turning said shaft m. It will be readily seen that by turning said keyto therjight of Fig, 3, the

blades n will be wound up to the shaft m, and that, thereby, the cheek 70 will be drawn to the right, against the tension of the springs 7. The upper, free longitudinal edge of said cheek is has a slight curve 7: toward the inside, and as said cheek is being turned or drawn to the right of Fig. 3, the said edge 70 will forcibly, but resiliently be made to bear against the leaves or sheets of paper filed up to the pins 2', i The utmost throw of the edge is of check 70 to the right will be that, inwhich it would bear against the right-hand rod 6 at thebase point of the curved metal sheet 0 and'thus it will be easily understood, that, even if but a very few leaves or sheets of paper are put on file on the pins 2', 71 they will be firmly held and securely engaged by the pressure of said cheek 70. To prevent the said cheek is from returning to the left under the pressure, of the springs f one'of the bearings M carries M into which engages a corresponding coupling memberM adapted to slide upon the shaft m, but prevented from turningon said shaft. A coiled spring M on said shaft m permanently tends toYkeep the said coupling piece M engaged into the fixed coupling member Secured to the said sliding member 1/ 3 is a rod or bar M extending along the shaft m up to the square portion f of said shaft. On forcing the key F to the inside, its forward end will act against said'bar M and drive the member M out of engagement with the member M the spring M being compressed by the inward pressure of the key F. On releasing the said coupling members 1 2 and M the springs f will be able to return the'cheek k to the left and the pins may be opened for removing or exchanging any single sheet or sheets filed on to the pins 2', 6

It will be readily understood, that, for clamping the leaves or sheets of the book against each other and for holding the-same tightly clamped, the key F need only be put to the square portion f of shaft m; and turned to the right, while, for releasing the clamped state, the said key is equally shifted onto the said square f and pressed inward.

To prevent the curved metal sheet 6 from being excessively turned to the left by the springs F, the shaft m may be provided with a projecting pin m asshown in Fig. 5. Juxtaposed tosaid pin is a small wheel m carried by a stud in apost or bracket of the curved'metal sheet e as fully shown in Figs. 3 and 5.. The said? wheelm has but a few indentations to be engaged by' the said pin m and it will be seen,.that, when the said pin m has passed over the said indentations of the wheel m it will bear against the full circumferential portion of said wheel and stop any further rotatory motion ofshaft m. No injury can be occasioned, then, if the operator accidentally or inadvertently turns the key forcibly to the left. The aperture provided for introducing the key may be normally kept locked by a guard S.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a book havinga back and covers flexibly connected to said back, mechanism for removably binding sheets into the back of said booln'said mechanism comprising curved metal sheets adapted to turn with their adjacent longitudinal edges around a common shaft, pins carried by one of said curved sheets and hollow pins carried by said other curved metal sheet, the two sets of pins being placed opposite to and adapted to engage each other, a cheek carried by and turning on said common shaft, coiled springs mounted to said common shaft to normally force apart the said cheek and one of the curved metal sheets on the common shaft, a second shaft carried by the said spring-actuated curved metal sheet, flexible means for connecting said second shaft with the said cheek, means for turn ing said second shaft, and other means for retaining the said second shaft locked in any desired position, substantially as and.

for the purpose set forth.

2. In a book having a back and covers flexibly connected thereto, mechanism for removably binding sheets into the said back, said mechanism comprising curved metal sheets turning about a common shaft. pins carried by one of said curved metal sheets and hollow pins carried by the opposite curved metal sheet, a cheek carried by and turning on said common shaft, springs mounted to said common shaft, the free ends of said springs acting to force apart the said cheek and one of the curved metal sheets on the common shaft. a second shaft carried in bearings of the said springactuated curved metal sheet, flexible means connecting the said second shaft to the said cheek, means for turning the said second shaft, means for locking said second shaft in any desiredposition, and means for preventing the said second shaft from being excessively turned by its operating key, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

KARL VVILHELM HANKE. lVitnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT,

HENRY HAsPER.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Qommissioner of Patents,

. Washington, D. G. 

